Changeable-speed gearing.



PATENTE)V FE. lf2; 1907.

E. A.- JOHNSTON. GHANGEABLE SPEED GBAMNG.

APPLIOATIN FILED oom. woef 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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GHANGBABLB SPEED GEARING.

PPLmATIoN FILED 0013.4, 190s.

PATENTED FEB. 12, 1907.

5 SHEETS--SHEET 3.

No. 843,609. PATENTED m1123907. y

E. A. JoHNsToN.

HANGEABLE SPEED GEARING. .@.PPLIGATIONV FILED 00124. 1906.

5 SHEETS-.SHEET 4.

E. A. JOHNSTON.

CHANGEABLB SEED GEARIN-G.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.4.196'.

PATENTED FEB. l2, 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.y

.. being shown in section.

parir-nn srArrns PATENT orrion.

nnivannniionivsron, or STERLING, iLLiNois, AssiGNoR'ToiNTERNl/irionannaavesrne COMPANY, `VA e'oaroieirionp 'orNnWJsRsEY-oHANGEABLE-SPEED GEARING.

To all 11.171,0711/.i'2-711/(xy concern: i. n Be it knomi that I, EDWARDAJonNs'roN, a citizenE of therllniied States,"residing at Sterling.,.inthe 'count-y of Whiteside and Statew-ofelllinois, Ahave invent d a newand useful Improvement in a ,Changeable-Speed Gearing, if whichthefollowing is a complete specification. f 'w llns invention vrelatesto the gear-trans-l mission for motor-.vehicles and nieansfoncontrolling same,rhe object being to p1 ovide an improved and simpleconstruction of such mechanism and one in Whichthe gears are inconstantengagement and the clutch menib'ers are loperat i by means of asingle lever.

Referring to the accon'ipanying drawings, Figure l represents a sideelevation of a coinplete automobile embodying my improvenient. F ig. .2'shows a horizontal section through the lgears and casing of the trans?mission device,.tal fen as indicated by the line 2 2 in Fig. Fig. 3 is atransverse section ofthe device, takenon the line 3 3 of Fig, 2. Fig. 4isalso a transverseA section taken on the line" 4 4 of Fig. 2 andisdesigned to *show the construction of the friction-clutch locatedadjacent to -the iiy-wheel of the 'engine'. Fig. 5 is a plan of the nestof gears, the casing Fig.. 6 represents a rear elevation of the casingandY parts adjacent thereto, the View being taken as indicated bytheline 66 inFig. 1. Fig. 7 is a plan, partly in section, on the line 77 of Fig. l -andis designed to show the Construction of thecontrolling-leverand its connection With the chitch-shipping spindle;Figs. and 9 represent, respectively, an end and a front elevaiionoftheparts shown in Fig.6. Fig. 10 isan enlarged detail oftheleVQr-tpJadrant, and=li`ig `11 is a detail of the flanged. collar onwhich are mounted the pawls of the clutch. In 'the drawings, ldesignates the body of the auion'iobile, in Whiehis suitablymounted anengine), the engindbeingshown in dotted lines in Figsi. e f in Fig. Z isshown the end of the crank-f; shafi ofthe engine, andlgeyedthereto isthe g iy-wheel .-1.v i Nvo-parl gear-rinsing 5 is secured by means ofihe brackets S to the body l, and-is therefore iixed in relaiion to theen- I gine-2:' yHollow` hu'bs'fiv are"forn1ed integral iviththe easing;'and: project laterally therefronigtheinlier,hub surrounding but notconl :tactiiig theend-iofthefcranl-sliaft 3l A gear i l Speoieation ofLetters Patent. Y,

Application filed October 4,1966. Serial No. 337,338.

or inion 6, provided With a long sleeve-like hu 6, fits Within the liu-band engages also the end of the crank-shaft, -asiclearly shown in Fig.2. To the inner 'end ofthe pinion-sleeve 6 is secured the driven'meniber of the friction-clutch, which will be hereinafter described.Formed, preferably, in? tegral With the pinion 6 and on the opposite .por .outer side thereof is the annular-shaped 'internal toothed rim` 62,Vvhich'constitutes the driving member' of a positixe clutch. Subsequentreference will be made to this lastrnentioned clutch, and a descriptionthereof will be given.`A ,1

A gear 7, provided with a long helloF 7 and `an annular-shapedratchet-toothed rim 72, 'is arranged within ythe casing 5, the fPatented Feb. 12,1907.

hub 7 of the gear fitting Within the hub 5 of y the casing. Vithin thebores of the hubs 6 and 7 ofthe pinion 6 and gear 7 ,which are inalinement with e'aoh other, as well as With thecrank-shaft 3, isreceived the hollenv driving-spindle 9; The inner end of'this spindleabuts the end of the crank-shaft? 3, while its outer end projectssomewhat beyond' the ends of they hubs 5 and 7 of the casing'and vgear7, respectively, and has fixed'to its end the small sprocketavheel l0.

lMounted loosely -uponfthis spindle 9' between the pinion 6 and gear 7`is the reversing-gear l1, provided also with a ratchet-toothed "rim l1".

. ..85 It is therefore evidentthat as ythe gears 6, 7,. and l1 aremounted loosely on the1 driving.

spindle 9 When caused to rotate they ivillimlpart movement to the saiddrivii'ig,spindle,v and hence to the driving sprocket-Wheel 10,

AWhenever connection is inade'between the said spindle and gears.

ln the casing 5 is also 9. To this shaft are fixed the gear i3, whichmeshes with and is driven by tht` vpinion 6,

journaled the shaft 12, which extends parallel with 'the spindle` andthe long' `pinien 14, which 'im-shes' with f and drives the gear 7 ifhis conneirtion .just

describedprovides 'the loiiv speed uheiithe,V l' v IOC gear 7 isclutchedto the,driving-spindle 0. Cn the stud-shaft T15 is.jonrnaled,the.idlerpinion 16, which transmits reversemoveinent to thereverse gear 11 from the pinion il.

From the arrangementv of gears jnstfdescribed it Will be seen thattherotathin el the.

pinion 6 will imparty movement at a redneml` speed in the sainedirection tofthegear 7 :"iniifa nioveinentlat a reduced speed in :i nwi-rse 2S I adapted to 'engage the internal toothed rim cured the rivendouble clutch member 17, a

'. detail of which is shown in-Fig. 1 1 and a cross-vv section thereofin Fig. 3.' Thisfclutchmember consists simply of 'a 'sleeve rovided withflange 172-,

the end ila'n es 17l and the eavy central etWeen which lare pivotallymounted in relatively reverse order the-drive ing-pawls .18'and 19.These driving-pawls do not dier in construction, 'but are a'rfrangedto'vdrive the cooperating clutch members in 'opposite directions,thepawls 18 to engage the internal toothed rim 11. 'of the` ada tedtoengage the internal toothed rim 6? o the gear 6 and the pawls 19adapted to gear. 11. A single clutch 4member 20, keyed l also to thedriving-spindle 9 and correspond.b

V ing in constructionl to the clutchfmember 1 7.,

has mounted thereon the pawls 21, which are 7z ofthe gear 7. These pawlsterminate each' in an inwardly-deflected radially-extending 'toe e,Which projects through anv opening 17 in the clutch member-17.` and asothrough a correspondin registering opening9a 1n the driving-spinde 9.'4A. coil.- spring 22, fitting in a socket 22 in the awls 18, 419, land 21and iin-recesses in the c utchmember 17, operates tohold the outer endofeach pawl into engagement Withthe driving member of the'clutch and thattoe end a of the pawl toward thecenter of 'the spindle 9.l To positivelydisengage the pawls l19 from the coperating clutch members, alongitudinallymovable stem 23, fitting closely Within the hollow s indle9, is employed. This stem 23 is provi ed with the necks bande orportions 'of the stem of reduced cross-section, into which the toesa ofthe pawls- 18, 19, and 21 are forced by the springs'22 toeect thedisengagement of the'clutch. members. These necks b and c are sodis osedthat when in the full-line positionas s oWn in Fig.. 2, the necky b willregister longitudinally with the paWls 19, and thetoes a thereon willdrop into said neck, land thereby result in'theengagement oftheclutch'member- 17. and spinldle 9 with the gear 11, which is drlvenlthrough the 'idler 16, as heretofore explained, and thedriving-sprocket '10 will be driven in a reverse direction. l

lVhen'the neck c occupies the position c2, as

it does in first starting, the p awls 21 on'the clutch member' 20 Willin like manner be caused to engage the gear 7 anda lower. speed impartedto the sprocket-wheel 10. When vthe neck c is in the position c2, theneck b will occupy the position b2, and hence the ltoe a of t e pawls18-and 19'will rest on the 'top of-'thestem 23,' hold saidf pawilsbutuof1 engagement with their cooperating members;4 f

Ieffect the disengagement ofthe gear 7 lfrom the drivinges indle 9.V Inthis last-described .movement t e pinion 6 is -made to engage directwith thespindle 9 andthe high speed' is secured. Continuedxoutward.movement,

of the-stem 23.will.-hring the neck crom the positionc `to.c and theneckb from bf t'o b, in whichr position the-dogs 19 will engage the gear11; with, the spindle 9 -.and'.cause.

reverse motion, as before described.

. In order tofrictionally engage and disen-v y gage the pinion 6'v Withthe drivingelement` of theengine, a fiangey 24 4with a. lining 25"-v isformedon the ily-wheel4, and a spider 26 is' fixed to-the end, of thesleeved hub 6 of said pinion.y On, two armsof this spider (see Figfe)are pivotally mounted the two angledevere 27 ,1 to the outer ends ofwhich are fixed, the-band-brake 28, encircling the flange 24' andliningA 25'thereon of the fly- The inner ends of the' arms 27 lie jWheel. opposite toeach other and near the hub '51 of the casing 5, ItWill be seen from this construction thatan outward movement of thearms-27willoperate to ytighten thebfand 2S andlcausethe'spider andpinion to rotate.'

with "the ily-Wheel.; This outward movementv is accomplished by means ofthelongi- 'tudinally-movablegrooved collar 29, which engages-the-hub 5of the casing. This collar tudinallyext ending arms 29,'which rojectbetween the lugs 26 on-,the spider 26 and are- IOO ' is provided withthetwo wedge-shaped longil l O tion between thearms 2.7 and the said-band28. From the preceding description itis evident that .to .actuatethe-positive clutches in the nest. of gears longitudinal movement mustbe imparted to the stem 23, and to actuate the friction'- clutchlongitudinal.

movement must. be-impartedto 'the ,collar 259.

The mechanism fori'mparting such movement to these` parts Willnow bedescribed.

ArodBO extends lthrough the casing .5, en.- gagingthe annular groove 292in the collar 29, by. means ofthe arm 30', and at its outer end'rojeeting through the body of the-box 1. n the outer. end of this rodis loosely mounted the hand-lever 31, which is provided-With theoutwardly-projectingarm 31 On this arm 31" is pivotally mountedtheangle-lever 32., engaging atits lower end, by meansof the usual fork andgroove, .the end of the rod 3.0. Onthe upper end of the ees-,eos

hand-lever 31 is mounted' the secondary lever '33, which connects,through the rod 34, with clutch. To actuate the stem 23, an arm 312 isformed integral with the hand-'lever 31 and is made to extend rearwardlyfrom the fulcrum thereof. An angle-lever' 35, pivoted at 35 on a support36 and moving m a plane transverse with respect to the plane of movementof the lever'31, engages with the arm 312 above and with a groove 23 inthe end of the stem 23. Through this connection movement of the lever 31on its axis will produce a longitudinal movement of the stem 23, and toregulate the extent of movement required to cause the necks b and c toregister nection extending between the gear whichwith the desired pawl aquadrant- 37 is provided. This quadrant 37v is provided-with the notches37', 372, and 373 (see Fig. 10)

when the lever 31 is'in engagement there-v with, corresponding,respectivel to low speed, `high speed, .and reverse. nstead of the usualthumb-latch and adjunctive parts thereof for engaging the particularnotch required, the upper arm of the angle-lever 32 is provided with.anV extension 32, which is adapted to engage any oneo'f the notches37", 372, or 373 when the secondary lever 33 isA raised toengage thefriction-clutch, as heretofore 4 explained. i

l What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by'Letters Patent,is`

1. In a changeable-speed gearing, in combination, ahollowvdriv'ing-spmdle, a plurality of clutch members secured thereto, acorresponding numb er of gears,'loosely mounted' thereon-'and havingcooperating clutch members in connection therewith, a driving elementadapted to frictionally engage one' ofv said gears, a gear connectionextending between the gear which connects with'the driving element andthe remaining gears, yand means for engaging and disengaging said clutchmembers. y

42. In-'a'changeable-speed gearing, incombination, a hollowdriving-spindle, a plurality of clutch members secured thereto, acorresponding number of gears loosely mounted thereon and havingcooperating clutch members in connection therewith, a casing inclosingsaid gears and formingpa journal-support therefor, a driving elementadaptedto fric,-

tionally engage one of said gears, a gear conconnects with the drivingelement and .the remaining gears, anda longitudinally-111cvable steinlocated within said hollow drivingspindle for engaging and -disengagingsaid clutch members.

3. Ina changeable-speed gearing, in com-.

bination, a hollow'driving-spindle, a plurali ity of positive clutchmembers secured theref to, a corresponding number of gears 'looselylstem provided `ating me ans.

mounted thereonl and having coperating clutch members in connectiontherewith, a

driving element, a friction-clutchinterposed between said drivingelement and one of said gears on the driving-spindle, a gear connectionextending betweenthe gear which connects with the friction-clutch andthe relmailling gears and single means for actuating both the positiveand friction clutch membersj 4. In achangeable-s'peed gearing, incombination, a hollow driving-spindle, positive clutch members fixedthereto, three gears loosely mounted on said spindle and each providedwith an internal ratchet-tootlfied rim adapted to cooperate with-saidclutch members, a driving element, a frictionclutch interposedA betweensaid driving element and one of said gears on the drivingspindle, aforward and a'reverse gear connection extending between'the gear whichconnects lwith the friction-clutch and the remaining O'ears, alongitudinally-moving stem and rodv or actuating respectively thepositive clutch members and the friction-clutch, and a single lever forcontrolling same.

5. ln a changeable-speed gearing, incomr bination, a hollowdriving-spindle,positive clutch members fixed to--said spindle andprovided i with pawls pivotally mounted thereon, three gears looselymounted. on said spindle and each provided with an -internalratchet-toothed rim adapted to cooperate with said clutch members, adriving element a friction clutch interposedv between said drivingelement and one of'said gears on the driving-spindle, connectionextending between the gear which connects with the friction-clutch andthe remaining gears, a longitudinally-moving with necks or portions vodreduced cross-section and adapted tov -actuate the pawls of. saidpositive clutches, a longitudinally-moving rod for actuating thefriction-clutch, and single means for controlling both the yrod andstem. v In a changeable-speed gearing, in combination, a hollowdriving-spindle, a plurality of positive clutch members fixed' thereto,a corresponding number of gears loosely mounted thereon and havingcooperating clutch members in connection therewith, a driving thespindle, a gear connection extending tioned gear and the remaining gearson said spindle, separate longitudinally'- movable means foi1 actuatingthe friction-clutch Vand the several-positive clutchineinbers, andasingle llever for controlling theclutch-.actu- EDWARD A..JOHNSTN.vWitnesses A R. L. BUriLi'i'R, 13.3. .Tnoiirson between the last-men- IOCa forward anda reverse 'gear v element, a friction-clutch adaptedto vfrictionally engage' said driving element `with

